Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, correlation length

The correlation length defines the length scale at which the overall properties of a material start to differ from its bulk properties. It is the distance over which the fluctuations of the microscopic degrees of freedom (for example the position of atoms) are significantly correlated with each other. Usually it is of the order of few interatomic spacings for a solid. The correlation length \( \xi \) depends however on external conditions such as pressure and temperature.