Differential Equations

The Euler method is asymmetric in time, since it uses information about the derivative at the beginning of the time interval. This means that we evaluate the position at \( y^{(1)}_1 \) using the velocity at \( y^{(2)}_0=v_0 \). A simple variation is to determine \( y^{(1)}_{n+1} \) using the velocity at \( y^{(2)}_{n+1} \), that is (in a slightly more generalized form) $$ \begin{equation} y^{(1)}_{n+1}=y^{(1)}_{n}+h y^{(2)}_{n+1}+O(h^2) \tag{20} \end{equation} $$ and $$ \begin{equation} y^{(2)}_{n+1}=y^{(2)}_{n}+h a_{n}+O(h^2). \tag{21} \end{equation} $$ The acceleration \( a_n \) is a function of \( a_n(y^{(1)}_{n}, y^{(2)}_{n},t) \) and needs to be evaluated as well. This is the Euler-Cromer method.