Treatment of Singular Integrals

We can repeat the above subtraction trick for more complicated integrands. First we modify the integration limits to \( \pm \infty \) and use the fact that $$ \begin{equation*} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0}= \int_{-\infty}^{0} \frac{dk}{k-k_0}+ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0} =0. \end{equation*} $$ A change of variable \( u=-k \) in the integral with limits from \( -\infty \) to \( 0 \) gives $$ \begin{equation*} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0}= \int_{\infty}^{0} \frac{-du}{-u-k_0}+ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0}= \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{-k-k_0}+ \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{dk}{k-k_0}=0. \end{equation*} $$