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Why Monte Carlo integration?

The scaling in the previous equation is clearly unfavorable compared even with the trapezoidal rule. We saw that the trapezoidal rule carries a truncation error \mathrm{error}\sim O(h^2), with h the step length. In general, methods based on a Taylor expansion such as the trapezoidal rule or Simpson's rule have a truncation error which goes like \sim O(h^k) , with k \ge 1 . Recalling that the step size is defined as h=(b-a)/N , we have an error which goes like \mathrm{error}\sim N^{-k}.